Which scientist proposed that diseases were caused by small animals and not by spirits or supernatural things?

Louis Pasteur, France The more formal experiments on the relationship between germ and disease were conducted by Louis Pasteur between the years 1860 and 1864.

1. What scientist proposed that diseases were caused by small animals?
2. What is the term for a nonspecific immune response characterized by redness and swelling?
3. Which of the following transfers a pathogen that spread by direct contact only?
4. Which cells work to destroy body cells that have been infected by a pathogen?
5. Who discovered germ theory?
6. What is Louis Pasteur's germ theory?
7. What are antigens used for?
8. Who is first used in immunity and where?
9. What type of immunity is chicken pox?
10. Who is a carrier of disease?
11. Which is an example of vehicle disease transmission?
12. Is tuberculosis direct or indirect transmission?
13. What are plasma cells?
14. Where are lymphocytes found?
15. What produce plasma cells?

What scientist proposed that diseases were caused by small animals?

Still, it has been little more than a century and a half since Robert Koch made the discoveries that led Louis Pasteur to describe how small organisms called germs could invade the body and cause disease.

What is the term for a nonspecific immune response characterized by redness and swelling?

At the tissue level, inflammation is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of tissue function, which result from local immune, vascular and inflammatory cell responses to infection or injury [5].

Which of the following transfers a pathogen that spread by direct contact only?

Direct contact infections spread when disease-causing microorganisms pass from the infected person to the healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids. Examples of direct contact are touching, kissing, sexual contact, contact with oral secretions, or contact with body lesions.

Which cells work to destroy body cells that have been infected by a pathogen?

There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. The B cells produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins. The T cells destroy the body's own cells that have themselves been taken over by viruses or become cancerous.

Who discovered germ theory?

The French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur, the English surgeon Joseph Lister, and the German physician Robert Koch are given much of the credit for development and acceptance of the theory.

What is Louis Pasteur's germ theory?

Louis Pasteur Discovers Germ Theory, 1861

During his experiments in the 1860s, French chemist Louis Pasteur developed modern germ theory. He proved that food spoiled because of contamination by invisible bacteria, not because of spontaneous generation. Pasteur stipulated that bacteria caused infection and disease.

What are antigens used for?

antigen, substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response, specifically activating lymphocytes, which are the body's infection-fighting white blood cells.

Who is first used in immunity and where?

Around the 15th century in India, the Ottoman Empire, and east Africa, the practice of inoculation (poking the skin with powdered material derived from smallpox crusts) was quite common. This practice was first introduced into the west in 1721 by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu.

What type of immunity is chicken pox?

Natural immunity

Take, for instance, someone who becomes infected with chickenpox. After the initial infection, the body builds immunity against the disease. This natural active immunity is why people who catch chicken pox are immune for many decades against the disease.

Who is a carrier of disease?

​Carrier. = A carrier is an individual who carries and is capable of passing on a genetic mutation associated with a disease and may or may not display disease symptoms. Carriers are associated with diseases inherited as recessive traits.

Which is an example of vehicle disease transmission?

Common vehicle transmission refers to transmission through a contaminated source. Examples include food, medication, intravenous fluid, or shared equipment that transmits infection to multiple hosts. This transmission may result in a large-scale outbreak.

Is tuberculosis direct or indirect transmission?

For example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of tuberculosis, is passed on like this. Pathogens are transmitted directly or indirectly, primarily via hands. Direct contact transmission occurs when there is direct physical contact between an infected person or animal and a non-infected person.

What are plasma cells?

A type of immune cell that makes large amounts of a specific antibody. Plasma cells develop from B cells that have been activated. A plasma cell is a type of white blood cell. Also called plasmacyte.

Where are lymphocytes found?

Lymphocytes develop in the thymus and bone marrow (yellow), which are therefore called central (or primary) lymphoid organs. The newly formed lymphocytes migrate from these primary organs to peripheral (or secondary) lymphoid organs (more...)

What produce plasma cells?

Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells, are white blood cells that originate in the lymphoid organs as B lymphocytes and secrete large quantities of proteins called antibodies in response to being presented specific substances called antigens. ...