Where does atropine come from?

Atropine is found in many members of the Solanaceae family. The most commonly found sources are Atropa belladonna, Datura inoxia, D. metel, and D. stramonium.

1. What is the source of atropine?
2. Where did atropine originate from?
3. How is atropine manufactured?
4. Which plant is rich in atropine drug?
5. Who created atropine?
6. What is the source of quinine?
7. What plants is atropine found in?
8. What plants contain atropine?
9. How does atropine cause vasodilation?
10. What class of drug is atropine?
11. What is the generic name for atropine?
12. What is the difference between atropine and hyoscyamine?
13. Why do plants produce atropine?
14. Is Belladonna the same as atropine?

What is the source of atropine?

Natural sources

Atropine is found in many members of the family Solanaceae. The most commonly found sources are Atropa belladonna (the deadly nightshade), Datura innoxia, D. metel, and D. stramonium. Other sources include members of the genera Brugmansia (angel's trumpets) and Hyoscyamus.

Where did atropine originate from?

atropine, poisonous crystalline substance belonging to a class of compounds known as alkaloids and used in medicine. Atropine occurs naturally in belladonna (Atropa belladonna), from which the crystalline compound was first prepared in 1831.

How is atropine manufactured?

Manufacturing processes. Atropine is usually prepared by extraction from the plants Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade), Datura stramonium (Jimson weed) or Duboisia myoporoides (McEvoy, 2002). This extracted atropine is a combination of D and L hyoscyamine.

Which plant is rich in atropine drug?

18 Belladonna. Belladonna (Atropa belladonna; deadly nightshade) is a toxic plant associated with the production of the so-called belladonna alkaloids, most of which are quite toxic and some of which have clinical utility at lower doses. Deadly nightshade produces mostly atropine.

Who created atropine?

Since the 1910s, atropine sulfate has been used for this purpose. Pure atropine was first produced in 1831 by the German pharmacist, Heinrich Mein (1799-1864). It was first synthesized in 1901 by the German chemist, Richard Willstatter (1872-1942).

What is the source of quinine?

Quinine is a bitter compound that comes from the bark of the cinchona tree. The tree is most commonly found in South America, Central America, the islands of the Caribbean, and parts of the western coast of Africa.

What plants is atropine found in?

All the plants in this section contain atropine. The most common are Atropa belladonna (commonly called deadly nightshade or enchanter's nightshade), Datura stramonium (commonly called thorn apple, jimson weed or angel's trumpet), and Hyoscyamus niger (commonly called henbane).

What plants contain atropine?

atropine is an alkaloid derived from the solanaceous plants Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade), Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane), and Datura stramonium (thornapple). These plants contain a mixture of two closely related alkaloids, hyoscyamine and hyoscine; atropine is a mixture of two isomers of hyoscyamine.

How does atropine cause vasodilation?

Atropine-induced vasodilation in this model is mediated through the inhibition of the M2 receptor. We postulate that this represents either a blockade of postganglionic receptors, permitting release of vasodilator substances from local nerve terminals, or a direct vasodilatory effect on the vascular smooth muscle.

What class of drug is atropine?

Atropine belongs to a class of drugs called Anticholinergic, Antispasmodic Agents.

What is the generic name for atropine?

GENERIC NAME: ATROPINE SULFATE - OPHTHALMIC (AT-roe-peen SUL-fate)

What is the difference between atropine and hyoscyamine?

Conclusion: Hyoscine is a shorter acting positive chronotropic agent than atropine, but does not potentiate the impairment in intestinal motility induced by detomidine. Because of severe hypertension, routine use of anticholinergics combined with detomidine is not recommended.

Why do plants produce atropine?

Atropine, used to dilate the pupils of the eye, and the addictive drug cocaine are both tropane alkaloids which possess two distinctive, inter-connecting five- and seven-membered rings. Plants commonly produce tropane and other alkaloids for protection against herbivores and other enemies.

Is Belladonna the same as atropine?

Despite its toxicity, belladonna has some medicinal benefit. The chemicals atropine and scopolamine, which are derived from belladonna, have important medicinal properties. Atropine and scopolamine have almost the same uses, but atropine is more effective at relaxing muscle spasms and regulating heart rate.