What is micro satellite marker?

Microsatellite sequences are repetitive DNA sequences usually several base pairs in length. Microsatellite sequences are composed of non-coding DNA and are not parts of genes. They are used as genetic markers to follow the inheritance of genes in families.

1. What is a microsatellite marker?
2. Why microsatellites are used in forensic analysis?
3. How are microsatellites used in DNA fingerprinting?
4. How are microsatellites useful?
5. What is SNP marker?
6. What is SSR marker?
7. How do you identify microsatellite markers?
8. What is the difference between a microsatellite and an str?
9. Are microsatellites normal?
10. Where are microsatellites found?
11. What are microsatellites and give one application?
12. What role do microsatellite DNA sequences play in human disease?
13. Are microsatellites bad?
14. What is the difference between microsatellite and minisatellite?
15. What are two features of microsatellites?

What is a microsatellite marker?

Microsatellite markers are co-dominant, polymorphic DNA loci containing repeated nucleotide sequences, typically with 2 to 10 nucleotides per repeated unit.

Why microsatellites are used in forensic analysis?

The microsatellites in use today for forensic analysis are all tetra- or penta-nucleotide repeats, as these give a high degree of error-free data while being short enough to survive degradation in non-ideal conditions.

How are microsatellites used in DNA fingerprinting?

Microsatellites or STRs are repetitive co-dominant sequences of 2–6 bp of DNA that are present throughout the entire genome. They are often used for identification or fingerprinting of DNA. Microsatellites are amplified by PCR using fluorescently labeled primers and the amplicons are separated using CE.

How are microsatellites useful?

Microsatellites provide data suitable for phylogeographic studies that seek to explain the concordant biogeographic and genetic histories of the floras and faunas of large-scale regions. They are also useful for fine-scale phylogenies -- up to the level of closely related species.

What is SNP marker?

SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), which belong to the last-generation molecular markers, occur at high frequencies in both animal and plant genomes. ... These markers are compared to other DNA markers, in order to ensure adequate choice of marker type for solving various molecular genetic problems.

What is SSR marker?

Microsatellites, otherwise called Simple sequence repeats (Ssrs) or Short Tandem Repeats (Strs), are rehashing sequences of 2-5 base sets of Dna.it is a sort of Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR). Microsatellites are commonly co-prevailing. SSR markers are important in various gene studies. ...

How do you identify microsatellite markers?

Microsatellites are highly reproducible and specific, and are easily identified from genome sequences by bioinformatics data mining [20–22]. Microsatellite polymorphisms can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by DNA electrophoresis [8,23].

What is the difference between a microsatellite and an str?

Tandem repeats are classified according to the length of their repeated sequence. Repeats consisting of 1–9 nucleotides are generally known as microsatellites, or short tandem repeats (STRs), while longer repeats are known as minisatellites (Gemayel et al., 2010).

Are microsatellites normal?

Microsatellites make up approximately three percent of the human genome, or more than one million fragments of DNA. Microsatellite density increases with genome size and is seen twice as much at the ends of chromosome arms than in the chromosome bodies.

Where are microsatellites found?

Microsatellites can be found abundantly in non‐coding parts of the genome such as introns, untranslated regions (UTR), and intergenic spaces, but they also occur in coding exonic sequences. Microsatellites also located within transposons and other dispersed repetitive elements [1–3, 6, 7].

What are microsatellites and give one application?

Microsatellites are also being used as genetic markers for identification of population structure, genome mapping, pedigree analysis, and to resolve taxonomic ambiguities in many other animals besides fishes [40–49]. The broad areas of applications of microsatellite markers are depicted in Figure 3.

What role do microsatellite DNA sequences play in human disease?

Microsatellite repeat DNA is best known for its length mutability, which is implicated in several neurological diseases and cancers, and often exploited as a genetic marker.

Are microsatellites bad?

Microsatellites — the repeating DNA sequences can be the cause of many diseases. For example, in one part of chromosome No. 4, the CAG nucleotide is repeated excessively. If the trinucleotides are repeated excessively, it will cause the person to get Huntington's disease in adult life.

What is the difference between microsatellite and minisatellite?

They are distinguished based on the number of bases in the repeating sequence or the size of the sequence. Minisatellite has 10 to 100 base pair length repeating sequence while microsatellite has 1 to 9 base pair length repeating sequence. This is the main difference between minisatellite and microsatellite.

What are two features of microsatellites?

Particular characteristics of microsatellites, such as their presence in the genomes of all living organisms, high level of allelic variation, co-dominant mode of inheritance and potential for automated analysis make them an excellent tool for a number of approaches like genotyping, mapping and positional cloning of ...