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Microarray analysis involves breaking open a cell, isolating its genetic contents, identifying all the genes that are turned on in that particular cell, and generating a list of those genes. DNA microarray analysis is a technique that scientists use to determine whether genes are on or off.
- What is microarray analysis used for?
- Why do scientists use microarray?
- How is microarray analysis used today?
- What can microarray analysis detect?
- What is microarray in bioinformatics?
- What is the purpose of exon trapping?
- What are the applications of microarray?
- What is the importance of DNA microarrays?
- How do scientists determine the genetic sequence of an organism?
- How does a microarray work and how is it used?
- Which of the following technology is used for microarray manufacturing?
- Which tools are being used for microarray analysis?
- What is microarray technique?
- How accurate is microarray testing?
- What can CMA detect?
What is microarray analysis used for?
A microarray is a laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time. DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene.
Why do scientists use microarray?
In fact, microarray analysis enables researchers to look at expression patterns across all of the genes in an entire genome — and to do so in a single procedure. As a result, it is now possible to monitor the activity of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously.
How is microarray analysis used today?
Today, DNA microarrays are used in clinical diagnostic tests for some diseases. ... Microarrays can also be used to study the extent to which certain genes are turned on or off in cells and tissues. In this case, instead of isolating DNA from the samples, RNA (which is a transcript of the DNA) is isolated and measured.
What can microarray analysis detect?
What does chromosomal microarray detect? Chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing looks for extra (duplicated) or missing (deleted) chromosomal segments, sometimes called copy number variants (CNVs).
What is microarray in bioinformatics?
A “microarray” is a laboratory slide made of glass whose surface is provided with thousands of small pores in defined positions. It works under the principle of hybridization of complementary strands of DNA and enables us to analyze expressions of multiple genes in one reaction in an effective manner.
What is the purpose of exon trapping?
Exon trapping is a molecular biology technique to identify potential exons in a fragment of eukaryote DNA of unknown intron-exon structure. This is done to determine if the fragment is part of an expressed gene.
What are the applications of microarray?
The current scope of microarray applications includes sequencing by hybridization, resequencing, mutation detection, assessment of gene copy number, comparative genome hybridization, drug discovery, expression analysis, and immunoassay (protein microarrays).
What is the importance of DNA microarrays?
DNA microarray is an effective tool in transcriptomics that helps us in studying and analyzing the mRNA expression of almost every gene present in an organism. With the availability of whole-genome sequencing of microorganisms, it has now become possible to identify the genes with potential for bioremediation.
How do scientists determine the genetic sequence of an organism?
These letters and colors represent a DNA code — the chemicals that make up a strand of our genetic blueprint. Scientists can take samples using the swab from organisms and “read” their DNA through a process called DNA sequencing.
How does a microarray work and how is it used?
The principle behind microarrays is that complementary sequences will bind to each other. The unknown DNA molecules are cut into fragments by restriction endonucleases; fluorescent markers are attached to these DNA fragments. These are then allowed to react with probes of the DNA chip.
Which of the following technology is used for microarray manufacturing?
Microarrays can be fabricated using a variety of technologies, including printing with fine-pointed pins onto glass slides, photolithography using pre-made masks, photolithography using dynamic micromirror devices, ink-jet printing, or electrochemistry on microelectrode arrays.
Which tools are being used for microarray analysis?
Only three tools can handle all types of classical microarrays, namely ArrayExpress and NCBI GEO for storage and Bioconductor for analysis.
What is microarray technique?
Microarray technology is a developing technology used to study the expression of many genes at once. It involves placing thousands of gene sequences in known locations on a glass slide called a gene chip. A sample containing DNA or RNA is placed in contact with the gene chip.
How accurate is microarray testing?
CMA is 100% accurate in identifying the common aneuploidies in prenatal specimens compared to karyotype (2, 16, 17) and in the NICHD study, it demonstrated an increased diagnostic yield over standard karyotyping of 1.7% in patients referred for advanced maternal, parental anxiety and positive serum screening (2).
What can CMA detect?
Prenatal CMA compares specific regions of an unborn baby's DNA to that of a normal genome. CMA can detect chromosomal duplications or deletions—places where there are extra or missing pieces of DNA—that are not detected by standard karyotype testing.
